Introduction: Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor used as an oral hypoglycemic agent in the treatment of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Acute pancreatitis is a rare known complication of sitagliptin, which can occur at any time after initiation of the drug therapy.
Case Presentation: A 41 year-old female patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with signs and symptoms of acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Recently, her GP added sitagliptin for more control on her disease. This drug induced acute pancreatitis. We admitted the patient to the ICU for monitoring after cessation of the causative agent. Fluid resuscitation and intravenous antibiotics were the definite treatment. Follow-up for three months showed no recurrence.
Clinical Discussion: Our patient had a fatal complication after the use of sitagliptin drug. Computed tomography scan with contrast is usually enough to reach the diagnosis. Early treatment is very important in these cases.
Conclusions: Sitagliptin is a good oral hypoglycemic agent to control glucose in patients with diabetes. Serious side effects should be monitored to avoid morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: Sitagliptin, diabetes mellitus, acute necrotizing pancreatitis