Peliosis is a very rare benign condition, characterized by sinusoidal lakes or cysts, filled with blood, with or without hyperplasia of the remaining tissue, presenting itself mainly in solid organs of the economy.
It has also been described in other organs such as lungs, pleura, kidneys, adrenal glands and stomach.
Its precise etiology is ignored until today, but associations have been made with other entities such as tumors, viral infections, systemic diseases where they are mentioned, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis, In addition, prolonged therapeutics are noted with Anabolics, Steroids, Erythropoietin, Acetyl-Salicylic Acid, Paracetamol and Vitamin A. among others.
The present case is a 51-year-old female, born of preterm birth and carrier of bronchial asthma, so it deliberately ingests steroids and Vitamin A.
Thus, she goes to the doctor for pain in left hypochondrium, which to the physical examination attracts attention the presence of splenomegaly of more than 4cm. It is also evident the deformity that presents in the third phalanx of both hands that makes you think of physical signs of arthritis rheumatoid.
Keywords: Peliosis, splenomegaly, rheumatoid arthritis.